By Fareed Khan
An end of year “report card”
issued by Canadians
United Against Hate, which evaluated the leaders of Canada's four major
federal parties on their policies and actions on fighting hate and defending
human rights, resulted in many grades of "D" and "F" being
given to Prime Minister and Liberal Party leader Justin Trudeau, Conservative
Party leader Erin O'Toole, New Democratic Party leader Jagmeet Singh, and Bloc
Quebecois leader Yves-Francois Blanchet.
All the party leaders received failing grades when it came to defending
the human rights of racialized religious minorities in the province of Quebec
impacted by its Bill
21 "secularism" law, and O'Toole and Blanchet received failing
grades in every category on which they were evaluated.

In addition to their
policies around Bill 21, the party leaders were evaluated on their responses to
the following issues:
- committing
to implement a nationally led anti-hate strategy coordinated with provincial
governments (a key recommendation made to Parliamentarians by Canadians United
Against Hate);
- putting
in place policies to address systemic racism in all federal government
institutions, and addressing racism in policing in Canada at all levels;
- commitments
to support Indigenous rights; and
- implementing
policies to fight white supremacy.
Since the murder of George
Floyd (a Black man) by a white Minneapolis police officer in May 2020
Canadians have continued to demonstrate in the streets against racism. The discovery of the remains
of Indigenous children at a former residential school site in British
Columbia in May resulted in tens of thousands of Canadians participating in
Indigenous rights protests across the country.
In addition, the murder
of a Muslim family in London, Ontario in June by a white supremacist caused
Canadians to take to the streets again calling on the government to undertake
efforts to defeat Islamophobia.

Despite these public
demonstrations and calls for action Canada’s federal party leaders have
demonstrated that their commitment to fighting hate and racism is weak or non-existent. Furthermore, when it comes to Quebec's Bill
21 law they have shown that when
push comes to shove and the rights of Canadians are violated under the
Charter, they are unwilling to show true leadership by taking the necessary
action to defend those rights.
It seems that Canada
federal leaders are playing fast and loose with issues around racism even
though it is now an issue that is high on the radar of Canadians. It has been a major political issue for
Canadians since anti-racism protests erupted across the country in 2020, and in
the aftermath of Indigenous rights and anti-Islamophobia protests this
year. According to an IPSOS
poll 60 per cent of Canadians see it as a major issue and want politicians
to implement policies to fight hate and racism.
But what they are getting instead from federal leaders are reactive
policies and political platitudes.
Trudeau, O’Toole and Singh will need to do a lot better in their words
and actions if Canadians are to see meaningful policies to fight hate
implemented according to Canadians United Against Hate.
The weak reaction of the
three leaders to the recent removal of a hijab-wearing Muslim teacher from the
classroom at a public school in Chelsea, Quebec showed that they were unwilling
to take strong and decisive action against government sanctioned anti-religious
bigotry, Islamophobia and anti-Semitism in response to Quebec’s secularism
law. it begs the questions, if they are
unwilling to take immediate action to protect the human rights of racialized
religious minorities in Quebec because it is politically risky and could damage
their political fortunes with Quebec voters then how can they be trusted to do
the right thing to fight hate and defend the rights of Canadians more broadly
across the country?
The lack of action by
Trudeau, O'Toole and Singh in response to Bill 21 is seen to be unacceptable in
a nation where human rights are supposed to be paramount. The three leaders have failed to take a
decisive and unequivocal stand against a provincial law that has as its
foundation a policy of anti-religious bigotry and targets observant Muslims,
Jews, Sikhs and others who visibly show their faith. This abandonment of their responsibility to
stand up for the rights of Canadians, regardless of where they live in the country,
not only empower petty tyrants like Quebec premier Francois Legault, it also
gives fuel to racists, bigots, Islamophobes and anti-Semites to openly display
their bigotry. In such a situation one
could ask, why bother having a Charter of Rights or saying that you stand
against racism if you are unwilling to take action to defend those rights when
they are under assault because of racism?
Supporters of the law
like the Quebec premier and BQ leader Blanchet claim that it is within the
Quebec government's right to implement the law in defence of Quebec's secular
society, and they justify it by pointing out that the law is supported by a
majority of Quebecers. Those who have
condemned the law have pointed out that secularism in Quebec was never under threat
and the law is a solution to a problem that did not exist. In addition, critics note that at one time
segregation was also legal, as was refusing voting rights to women, and denying
the rights and civil liberties of members of the LGBTQ2 community. However, But just because such policies were
legal cannot be a moral justification for policies and actions that are clearly
immoral and wrong say the law's critics.
As Canada begins a new
year the issues of fighting hate and defending the Charter rights of Canadians
will continue to be high on the radar of many people across the country. At a time when there is greater public
awareness of the destructive consequences of failing to take action on these
issues politicians who do not take a moral stand on them in a meaningful and
decisive way will pay a heavy political price.
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REPORT CARD EVALUATION OF CANADA’S FEDERAL PARTY LEADERS
For the sake of this “report
card” Canada’s major party leaders and their parties were evaluated on the
basis of their policies and actions in the following areas.
Commitment
to a National Led Anti-Hate Strategy -- Canadians United Against
Hate has circulated this recommendation to all major parties for a number of
years, calling on federal leaders to commit to implementing such a strategy
should they form government.
Addressing
Systemic Racism -- Systemic
racism and white privilege exist hand in hand in every major federal
institution. They limit the ability of
people to fulfill their potential, and they restrict the ability of organizations
to effectively achieve their objectives.
The issue has been discussed widely in Parliament.
Supporting
Indigenous Right -- Indigenous rights are
finally on the radar of Canadians. The
discovery of the remains of Indigenous children at a former residential school
site in British Columbia in May made clear to people across the Canada one
aspect of the atrocities suffered by Indigenous children and Indigenous
communities, and made discussion of the Indigenous genocide on Canadian soil
acceptable. There is also the issue of boiled
water advisories for Indigenous reserves in different provinces, which in
some cases have been in place for more than two decades, which has incensed
many Canadians.
Fighting
White Supremacy -- The ideology of white
supremacy and groups which promote this racist ideology across Canada has
exploded over the last several years. It
has manifested itself in online hate, hate in social media, and in racist
verbal and physical assaults against BIPOC (Black, Indigenous, People of
Colour) individuals in communities across the country, and against Muslim and
Jewish religious institutions. It is
estimated that there are more than 300 white supremacist groups in Canada, with
some of them calling for violent action to preserve “white” culture.
Bill
21 (Quebec’s Secularism
Law) -- Quebec’s so-called
“secularism” law has been in place since June 2019. The law prevents people who visibly display
their faith from holding certain public sector jobs in the province. People from racialized religious communities
in Quebec have been forced to leave the province to pursue careers in some
cases. The most recent troubling
incident under this law involved a hijab-wearing Muslim teacher in Chelsea,
Quebec who was removed from the classroom.
The Quebec government still refuses to admit the racism inherent in the
law, and justifies it with the claim that it is supported by a majority of
Quebecers and protects the province’s secular nature.
JUSTIN TRUDEAU / LIBERAL PARTYCommitment
to a National Led Anti-Hate Strategy (Grade: D-) -- The Liberals have
attempted to corner the political agenda on fighting racism but have failed in
taking leadership to conduct a national anti-hate strategy in coordination with
provincial governments as called for by Canadians United Against Hate. Over the last two years, since the start of
the George Floyd anti-racism protests, they have made policy announcements to
fight racism but these have always been reactive rather than the government
taking the initiative. Since the
Liberals formed government in 2015 acts of hate, racism and white supremacy
have increased significantly under their watch, and two hate-motivated mass
murders of Muslims have occurred in 2017 in Quebec City
and in London, Ontario in June of this year.
It was only after the second incident that the Trudeau government
started taking seriously the concerns of Canadians about hate and racism, and
addressing the issue of Islamophobia.
Addressing
Systemic Racism (Grade: D) -- The Liberals have made
promises to address this issue in throne speeches and in their 2021 election campaign
document. But to date significant
actions to move on this issue have been minimal or lacking, even as federal
public servants launch a class action suit against the federal government
around this issue. Given this lawsuit
and the reality that 60 per cent of Canadians want government action to address
racism, one would expect quicker action by the Trudeau government to
demonstrate that it is listening to its employees and the public at large. However, their slowness in taking meaningful action
calls into question the depth of their commitment on this.
Supporting
Indigenous Rights (Grade: F) -- While Justin Trudeau has
said that no relationship is more important to him than his government’s
relationship with Indigenous people its actions seem to say otherwise. The Liberals say they are committed to
reconciliation, but they continue to fight Indigenous organizations connected
to a Canadian
Human Rights Tribunal ruling on Indigenous child welfare compensation,
upheld in a federal court. In addition,
the Liberal promise to remove boiled water advisories from all affected first
nations reserves by 2021 has still not been met. The hypocrisy on the first issue and the
failure on the second does not instill confidence in their ability to address
the other issues affecting Indigenous people in a timely manner.
Fighting
White Supremacy (Grade: D) -- Despite the designation
of the Proud
Boys as a terrorist organization white supremacist groups continue to
proliferate across Canada with little action by the federal government to
dismantle the ecosystem of white supremacy in this country. This has resulted in verbal and physical
assaults against people from BIPOC communities and murder in the case of a
Muslim family in London, Ontario this year, and Muslim worshippers in a Quebec
City mosque in 2017, in addition to the proliferation of hate and white
supremacy online in Canada. A government
sponsored summit on
Islamophobia this past summer shows some initiative, but action on
recommendations coming out of that summit has been slow in being realized.
Bill
21 (Grade: F) -- While claiming to be
against Quebec’s Bill 21 law the government has done nothing to challenge it in
the courts or to support private groups that have launched constitutional
challenges to the law, despite the fact that people’s lives are being torn
apart as long as this legislation is in place.
These are not the actions of a party or a leader that claim to be defenders
of human rights, or that is committed to fighting racism and bigotry. The government could expedite the legal
proceedings by referring the legal challenges slowly making their way through
the Quebec courts directly to the Supreme Court. This has not been done due to political
considerations, which is an admission that politics seem to trump human rights
where Quebec is involved.
ERIN O’TOOLE / CONSERVATIVE PARTYCommitment
to a National Led Anti-Hate Strategy (Grade: F) -- Since the days of
Stephen Harper the Conservatives have struggled to deal with hate and bigotry
within their ranks, particularly after
they targeted Muslims with what were seen as racist
and Islamophobic policies in the dying days of the Harper government. When Andrew Scheer replaced Harper he
appointed to his inner circle a co-founder
of the hate website Rebel
Media – hardly an endorsement of anti-racism credentials. Since Erin O’Toole’s election as leader he
has said the right things about fighting hate but his failure to even include
the word “racism” or refer to “systemic racism” in the Conservative Party’s 2021
election policy document shows a discomfort in his party to address the issue. Also, his unwillingness to commit to actions
that would remove white supremacist elements from the ranks of the
Conservatives shows that the party is not as committed to an anti-racist agenda
as it claims to be. Furthermore, there
has been no policy statement made by Erin O’Toole or the Conservative Party about
committing to a national anti-hate strategy as called for by Canadians United
Against Hate.
Addressing
Systemic Racism (Grade: F) -- The Conservatives made
no mention of systemic racism in their election policy document, which calls
into question any statements they have made about acknowledging the existence
of systemic racism or wanting to see it dismantled. Until and unless a clear policy statement is
made to address this issue, which impacts the lives of millions of Canadians,
Erin O’Toole’s and the Conservative Party’s credibility on this issue is in
question.
Supporting
Indigenous Rights (Grade: F) -- The Conservatives have a
very troubling
history in their actions and policies on Indigenous issues. Their relationship with Indigenous people
under the Harper government can be deemed to be a failure. In opposition they have said the right things
about improving the Canadian government’s relations with Indigenous people but
words are meaningless without actions. Conservative
MPs voting against a bill in 2018 that called for the laws of Canada to be
in harmony with the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous
Peoples was a slap in the face to Indigenous people in Canada, and is a
reflection of the seeming deep-seated ambivalence in the Conservative Party to true
reconciliation. While Mr. O’Toole has
tried to shift the direction of the Party to date there is no significant
change in the Conservative Party’s policies on this file to show that they have
turned a corner on this issue.
Fighting
White Supremacy (Grade: F) -- The Conservative Party
has a history
of playing “footsies” with white supremacist elements in this country. The willingness of Conservative MPs to
conduct interviews with and appear on shows for the website Rebel Media, which
caters to racist and white supremacist elements in Canada, is deeply
disturbing. Despite the website’s
history of on-air racism, having people with views supporting white supremacy,
anti-Semitism and Islamophobia as “correspondents”, Erin O’Toole agreed
to do an interview with the site in January of this year. This action calls
into question his credibility on fighting white supremacy and racism, despite
what he might say in public statements.
Bill
21 (Grade: F) -- Erin O’Toole has made it
clear that Bill
21 is a matter of provincial jurisdiction in Quebec and it is up to Quebec
voters to resolve. In taking this
position he ignores the fact that the Canadian government is responsible for
defending the human rights of all Canadians regardless of where they live. In essence he has sacrificed the rights of
racialized religious minorities in Quebec – Muslims, Jews, Sikhs – on the altar
of political expediency. This
demonstrates a severe lack of leadership for someone who aspires to be prime
minister.
JAGMEET SINGH / NEW DEMOCRATIC PARTYCommitment
to a National Led Anti-Hate Strategy (Grade: C) -- The NDP seems to be the
party that would be the obvious champion to fight racism and defend human
rights. They sponsored the Parliamentary
resolution to declare the white supremacist “Proud Boys” as terrorists and
called on the government to dismantle
white supremacy in Canada. The NDP
also devoted an entire section in its campaign document to fighting
racism. But Singh’s failure to take a
strong stand on Bill 21 since 2019 overshadows the NDP’s pluses with a huge
minus, and calls into question the NDP’s commitment on defending human rights
and fighting racism under his leadership.
Addressing
Systemic Racism (Grade: C+) -- The NDP has consistently
been on the forefront of addressing
issues of systemic racism, whether it be in policing, government
institutions or society at large. However,
given that they have held the balance of power in the House of Commons since
the 2019 election it would be expected that they would make addressing this
issue, within the context of federal government institutions, a condition in
their support of the Liberals. And while
it is probable that they would address this matter were they to form
government, their current role as the fourth party in the House of Commons does
not allow them to implement government actions on this issue. In this new Parliament anti-racism activists
are hopeful that the NDP will take a stronger stand to pressure the government
to act given the pervasiveness of systemic racism in government institutions
and society at large.
Supporting
Indigenous Rights (Grade: B) -- Of all the parties the
NDP has been consistent when it comes to Indigenous rights and the relationship
that Canada must have with Indigenous people.
One of the priorities of the new Parliament for the NDP is Indigenous
rights. Their position can be
encapsulated in the following statement from their campaign document, “New
Democrats are committed to undertaking the important work of reconciliation in good
faith, and in true and equal partnership with Indigenous communities across the
country. We believe that the Crown’s relationship to Indigenous peoples must be
based on an acknowledgement of our country’s colonial history of genocide and
stolen lands – and include legally binding commitments to fair and equitable
redress going forward.” Were they to
form government in all likelihood they would put more energy behind this issue
than other parties have to date.
Fighting
White Supremacy (Grade: B+) -- Under Jagmeet Singh’s
leadership the NDP has taken a very public and vocal stand on fighting white
supremacy, including sponsoring motions in the House of Commons, and NDP MPs
making numerous statements on this issue in the House and in the media. Anti-racism activists would like to see them
use their balance of power position in the new Parliament to pressure the
Liberal to take further action to address the rise of white supremacy in Canada.
Bill
21 (Grade: F) -- NDP Leader Jagmeet Singh
has stated that he is against Bill 21 and that it is an unjust law. However, the position of the NDP under his
leadership on this issue has been disappointing. From his statements during the 2019 election
that he wouldn’t intervene until legal challenges on the law reached the
Supreme Court, to his acceptance of the claim following the 2021 election
English debate that a question on Bill 21 by the debate moderator was an attack
on Quebec, his willingness to sacrifice the human rights of racialized
religious minorities for the sake of votes in Quebec shows the line he will not
cross to defend human rights.
YVES-FRANCOIS BLANCHET / BLOC QUEBECOISCommitment
to a Federally Led National Anti-Hate Strategy (Grade: F) -- A party leader that
cannot admit
the existence of systemic racism in the province where his party holds seats
is a party leader that has little credibility on issues of fighting
racism. Even if Blanchet did support a
call to implement a nationally led anti-hate strategy, his party’s dogmatic
position on provincial rights in Quebec in support of ethno-nationalism would
likely mean caveats and exemptions that would make such a strategy ineffective
and meaningless. As such, any commitment
made by this leader and his party to a federal anti-hate strategy would carry
no weight.
Addressing
Systemic Racism (Grade: F) -- Refusing to acknowledge
systemic racism in the society that your MPs represent makes the BQ leader an
ineffective voice to talk about the issue of systemic racism.
Supporting
Indigenous Rights (Grade: F) -- The issue of Indigenous
rights in Quebec has come into conflict over the issue of Quebec’s Bill
96 French language legislation. The
Assembly of First Nations Quebec-Labrador (AFNQL) said in a September
statement, “The role of spokesperson for the Legault government and its
retrogressive position towards First Nations that the Bloc Québécois is giving
itself has no place in a federal election campaign which must instead be geared
towards reconciliation. The Legault government’s Bill 96 is a formal attack on
the constitutional language rights of First Nations . . . If the Bloc Québécois
is opposed to respecting the most fundamental rights of First Nations, which is
what it is doing by supporting Bill 96, I ask that they admit to it frankly,”
said Ghislain Picard, Chief of the AFNQL.”
It seems it doesn’t matter whether it’s the rights of Muslims, Jews,
Sikhs or Indigenous people, Yves-Francois Blanchet and the BQ are willing to
violate them in the name of ethno-nationalism and French language supremacy.
Fighting
White Supremacy (Grade: F) -- White supremacy is
firmly rooted in Quebec with groups like Atalante
Québec and La
Meute leading the charge, and it is fed by Francophone
ethno-nationalism. Unless and until
the BQ can address the issue of white nationalism within Quebec’s Francophone
majority it cannot be a credible voice on this issue, and anything it does say
is demonstrates extreme hypocrisy.
Bill
21 (Grade: F) -- The BQ’s unequivocal
support of Bill 21 demonstrates hypocrisy when Yves-Francois Blanchet or his
MPs speak on issues of defending human rights, whether at home or abroad. If they cannot defend the rights of people in
the province where their MPs are elected, then they have no business speaking
on issues of human rights. Their actions
demonstrate where they stand in their commitment to defending human rights.
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