At the heart of current
Iranian regime change attempt lie decades of effort by the US and Israel
to destabilize the Islamic Republic.
By Fareed Khan
A version of this article can be found on Substack.
A version of this article can be found on Substack.
As the world watches to see if Donald Trump will make good on
his threats against Iran, Western audiences must grasp a crucial
reality: Tehran remains the Middle East’s last significant counterweight
to Israeli dominance, largely thanks to its unyielding commitment to
the Palestinian cause. While many Muslim-majority governments in the
region have softened their stance, Iran has offered resolute support to
groups resisting Israel’s long-standing occupation, embedding the fight
against Israeli expansion as a foundational element of its foreign
policy. This defiance squarely confronts Israel's aspirations for regional hegemony,
casting Iran as an enduring obstacle in Jerusalem’s strategic playbook.
Amid Israel’s growing clout—bolstered by normalization deals with
select Arab states and targeted military operations against
adversaries—the push for regime change in Tehran, led by the United
States and Israel, has only gained momentum.

To understand the geopolitics of the conflict between Iran on one side and Israel and the US on the other, let’s examine the political and historical context which will reveal that Israel functions as the true terrorist state in the region through state-sponsored violence, assassinations, and disproportionate military campaigns against weaker nations and peoples, while the US and Israel combined represent the most dangerous actors in the Middle East, repeatedly destabilizing the region with interventions based on geopolitical ambitions and fabricated pretexts.
The Palestinian struggle remains central to understanding Iran’s isolation and Israel’s animosity towards that nation. Tehran has long provided financial, military, and political support to groups like Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad, framing this aid as an “axis of resistance” to Israeli actions in Gaza and the broader occupation in territories where Palestinians want to establish a state. This support contrasts sharply with the shifting stances of Arab nations. Countries like Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Bahrain, and Kuwait—oil-rich powers with significant financial leverage—have increasingly normalized relations with Israel, effectively abandoning their strong historical support for Palestinians.
The Abraham Accords of 2020 normalized relations between Israel, the UAE, Bahrain, Sudan, and Morocco, bypassing Palestinian statehood, which these nations had as a condition of normalization for decades prior to the agreement. These treaties have prioritized economic and security issues over Palestinian rights, as evidenced by the apathetic response by these nations to Israel’s genocidal crimes in Gaza since October 2023.
For more than 28 months, as Israel has inflicted unimaginable terror on Palestinians in Gaza, there have been no broad-based sanctions imposed by any Arab nations against Israel despite massive demonstrations by their citizens calling for such action. Diplomatic ties remain intact, unlike actions by some European nations—Spain, Ireland, Norway, Slovenia—which have downgraded diplomatic and economic relations, while several Latin American nations—Bolivia, Belize, Colombia, Chile, Honduras—have severed diplomatic ties or recalled their ambassadors. Moreover, no Arab states have forcefully committed to enforcing International Criminal Court (ICC) arrest warrants against Israeli leaders for alleged war crimes. This shift underscores a realignment where Middle East Arab capitals view Israel as a counterweight to Iranian influence, rather than an adversary, as has been the case historically. The result is a region where Palestinian freedom and rights are sidelined, allowing Israel freer rein to pursue its hegemonic agenda.
The ongoing efforts to destabilize Iran’s government stem from decades of US and Israeli pressure aimed at weakening the Islamic Republic. Nationwide protests that erupted in late December 2025—sparked by runaway inflation and severe economic hardship exacerbated by long-standing U.S.-led sanctions—quickly escalated into widespread demands for political change.
Iranian authorities have consistently blamed the unrest on foreign interference, accusing the CIA and Israel’s Mossad of orchestrating and arming demonstrators to sow chaos. Tehran has pointed to reported Israeli intelligence operations that have targeted and degraded Iranian-backed militias across the Middle East in recent years as evidence of broader destabilization efforts.
Compounding these tensions, the Trump administration has significantly bolstered US military presence in the region since early 2026, deploying two aircraft carriers, fighter jets, and other assets while issuing threats of targeted strikes. This buildup aligns closely with Israel’s long-standing objective of confronting Iran’s government more decisively, raising the spectre of coordinated action that could result in the downfall of the current Iranian leadership.
The US push for confrontation with Iran stems largely from decades of sustained Israeli influence via powerful pro-Israel lobby groups. Organizations like the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC), have long shaped US policy toward Iran, portraying it as an existential threat to steer decisions in Israel’s favour. Critics argue this lobby diverts US foreign policy from pursuing America’s own national interests, as seen in the withdrawal from the Iran nuclear deal and the imposition of broad based sanctions, which Israel had called for, even though the agreement was effectively controlling Iran’s nuclear ambitions.
Despite claims by pro-Israel voices that war would benefit both nations, history suggests otherwise. A military conflict with Iran could mirror the Iraq War’s aftermath, which resulted in widespread destabilization, sectarian violence, and the rise of extremist groups hostile to the US. The 2003 US invasion of Iraq, launched on fabricated claims that Iraq possessed weapons of mass destruction, unleashed widespread chaos across the Middle East, claiming hundreds of thousands of innocent lives and costing trillions of dollars.
This catastrophic precedent casts a long shadow over any prospective US attack on Iran, which risks igniting proxy conflicts in Yemen, Syria, Lebanon, and beyond, further fracturing an already fragile region. The current rhetoric mirrors the pretexts used for launching the Iraq war—manufactured threats used to justify American aggression in violation of the UN Charter and international law. Today, Israeli and American narratives cast Iran as an imminent nuclear danger, despite its adherence to rigorous international inspections under the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA—Iran nuclear deal), until the US unilaterally withdrew from it due to pressure from Israel.
Such portrayals invert the true dynamics of regional threats. Far from the aggressor depicted by the US and Israel, Iran has acted predominantly in self-defence, responding to external encroachments rather than launching them. Tehran has not invaded a neighbouring nation in over two centuries—unlike Israel, which has initiated multiple wars against its neighbours since it was created in 1948. Iran’s backing of proxies in Lebanon, Iraq and Syria stems from a perceived encirclement by the US military and Israeli belligerence and provocation.
By contrast, the US and Israel have a documented history of attacking other nations based on false pretenses. Prime examples include the 1953 CIA-orchestrated coup that overthrew Iran’s democratically elected Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh to protect the interests of Western oil companies, installing the Shah and planting seeds of enduring anti-American resentment, and Israel’s 1956 attack on Egypt, in conjunction with the UK and France, which caused the Suez Crisis and nearly brought the US and the Soviet Union into direct nuclear conflict.
For decades, US and Israeli military and covert operations have served as primary drivers of instability across the Middle East and beyond. The US invasions of Afghanistan in 2001, Iraq in 2003, and the “war on terror” fuelled sectarian violence, empowered extremist groups like ISIS, resulted in over four million of deaths, and drained trillions from the US treasury. Subsequent interventions in Libya in 2011 and support for Syrian rebels in the Syrian Civil War fragmented states, resulted in power vacuums exploited by radical elements, and created failed states.
Israel has similarly escalated tensions and created regional instability through acts such as the 1967 pre-emptive strikes in the Six Day War that seized territories from Egypt, Jordan, and Syria; the 1982 invasion and years-long occupation of southern Lebanon that gave rise to Hezbollah; and repeated attacks on Gaza, including Cast Lead (2008-2009) and Protective Edge (2014), and now the current genocidal campaign, which have caused tens of thousands of deaths and deepened Palestinian hardship. These military operations have displaced millions of Palestinians, inflamed anti-Western and anti-Israel sentiments, and sustained cycles of violence. In this context, it is Israel that emerges as the one employing terrorism—through settler violence, targeted assassinations of Palestinian leaders, and disproportionate military force. In comparison, Iran’s action are responses to Israeli and American aggression, and remain overwhelmingly reactive.
This pattern of hostility towards Iran has unfolded through sustained economic sabotage, targeted assassinations, and cyber warfare. During the 1980-1988 Iran-Iraq War, US intelligence enabled Iraq’s chemical attacks on Iranian forces, prolonging the conflict and causing more than 600,000 Iranian casualties. In 2010, the US and Israel deployed the Stuxnet virus to destroy Iranian nuclear centrifuges and delay the program. Israel has repeatedly assassinated Iranian nuclear scientists, including the 2025 strikes that killed prominent figures like Fereydoun Abbasi. Additionally, the 2020 US drone strike that eliminated General Qasem Soleimani was perceived in Tehran as an act of war, as did Israeli airstrikes in Syria that targetted the Iranian consulate in Damascus.
These acts of Israeli aggression have destabilized the Middle East far more profoundly than Iran’s defensive measures ever have. A direct US attack on Iran would compound these risks, and potentially trigger broad proxy wars, massive refugee crises, disruptions to global oil supplies resulting in economic chaos, and accelerate the rise of nuclear proliferation risks.
Compounding this aggression is the stark nuclear disparity that exposes the hypocrisy at the heart of the threats against Iran. The US, a declared nuclear superpower with a vast arsenal, stands alongside Israel, which maintains an undeclared stockpile estimated at around 90 warheads (with fissile material sufficient for potentially another 300 more weapons), while refusing international inspections or transparency. Yet these two nuclear-armed states fabricate pretexts to attack non-nuclear Iran, which has historically complied with rigorous international inspections under the JCPOA—until the US withdrawal from the agreement undermined it and escalated tensions. Israel’s policy of refusing to cooperate with the International Nuclear Energy Agency, combined with the overwhelming American stockpile, creates a profound imbalance that poses a far greater risk to global peace than Iran’s nuclear program, which was in response to the threat from Israel, and has never produced a functional nuclear warhead.
Decades of crushing US sanctions have further deepened Iran’s economic turmoil, employing a familiar playbook to weaken Iran and pave the way for potential change. Reimposed in 2018, these measures have frozen Iran’s oil revenues, seized assets, and driven inflation above 40%, with food prices surging over 57% in recent periods—exacerbating shortages and hardship for ordinary Iranians. These policies have eroded Iran’s middle class by an average of 17 percentage points annually in earlier sanction waves (2012–2019), undoing decades of social and economic progress and pushing millions into vulnerability. While the late 2025 protests across the country stemmed from genuine domestic grievances against the theocratic government—fuelled by economic collapse, currency devaluation, and governance failures—Iranian officials have alleged involvement by external actors (Mossad and the CIA) arming demonstrators, with claims of capturing over 3,000 agents and seizing 60,000 weapons as evidence of orchestrated foreign interference.
Additionally, Israel’s persistent espionage against the United States, going back to the 1960s, further erodes any pretense of an unblemished alliance between the two nations. Despite receiving tens of billions of dollars in US aid Israel has engaged in aggressive spying against the US, more than any other ally. High-profile cases, such as the Apollo Affair involving theft of nuclear material, and Jonathan Pollard’s theft of classified nuclear documents, underscore this pattern of betrayal. When combined with Israel’s history of promoting actions based on fabricated and exaggerated intelligence—like its pivotal role in advancing the false 2003 Iraq WMD claims—these actions reinforce the view that the US and Israel, rather than Iran, are the primary forces destabilizing the Middle East.
In contrast, Iran’s authoritarianism and misogynistic policies notwithstanding, its foreign policy has been reactive. It has never attacked or occupied neighbours’ territories, focussing instead on deterrence against invasions, like the 1980-88 Iraq War which led by the US. Additionally, recent escalations, such as the 2025 unprovoked Israeli and US attack on Iran, show Iran’s restraint to avoid full war, given geographic and strategic constraints. In this scenario, pursuing regime change risks unleashing chaos akin to post-Saddam Iraq, empowering radicals.
Ultimately, the relentless push for confrontation with Iran primarily advances Israeli strategic goals while imposing heavy costs on the United States—perpetuating a vicious cycle of violence, economic drain, and regional chaos that threatens the lives of millions across the Middle East.
If any powers truly endanger peace in the region and beyond, it is the United States and Israel, whose repeated interventions, covert operations, and aggressive postures have fuelled discord across the Middle East for years. Genuine stability demands confronting the core injustice that fuels anti-Israel and anti-American sentiments—the denial of Palestinian rights and self-determination—rather than manufacturing existential threats to rationalize further military action.
History has repeatedly shown that military interventions in the Middle East—particularly those involving the United States and Israel—tend to generate deeper resentment and instability, undermine long-term security for all parties, and inflict devastating suffering on civilian populations.
Any American and Israeli military action against Iran now carries the grave risk of igniting a prolonged regional war that could pull in adjacent Arab nations. Such a conflict could rapidly expand through proxy battles across multiple fronts, trigger severe disruptions to global energy markets, unleash massive waves of refugees, and heighten the dangers of nuclear proliferation—ultimately exacting a human and strategic toll far exceeding any short-term tactical advantages the U.S. and Israel might hope to achieve.
In the end, the pursuit of dominance through force risks not victory, but a legacy of enduring instability and destruction that could haunt the region—and the world—for generations.
© 2026 The View From Here. © 2026 Fareed Khan. All Rights Reserved.

To understand the geopolitics of the conflict between Iran on one side and Israel and the US on the other, let’s examine the political and historical context which will reveal that Israel functions as the true terrorist state in the region through state-sponsored violence, assassinations, and disproportionate military campaigns against weaker nations and peoples, while the US and Israel combined represent the most dangerous actors in the Middle East, repeatedly destabilizing the region with interventions based on geopolitical ambitions and fabricated pretexts.
The Palestinian struggle remains central to understanding Iran’s isolation and Israel’s animosity towards that nation. Tehran has long provided financial, military, and political support to groups like Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad, framing this aid as an “axis of resistance” to Israeli actions in Gaza and the broader occupation in territories where Palestinians want to establish a state. This support contrasts sharply with the shifting stances of Arab nations. Countries like Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Bahrain, and Kuwait—oil-rich powers with significant financial leverage—have increasingly normalized relations with Israel, effectively abandoning their strong historical support for Palestinians.
The Abraham Accords of 2020 normalized relations between Israel, the UAE, Bahrain, Sudan, and Morocco, bypassing Palestinian statehood, which these nations had as a condition of normalization for decades prior to the agreement. These treaties have prioritized economic and security issues over Palestinian rights, as evidenced by the apathetic response by these nations to Israel’s genocidal crimes in Gaza since October 2023.
For more than 28 months, as Israel has inflicted unimaginable terror on Palestinians in Gaza, there have been no broad-based sanctions imposed by any Arab nations against Israel despite massive demonstrations by their citizens calling for such action. Diplomatic ties remain intact, unlike actions by some European nations—Spain, Ireland, Norway, Slovenia—which have downgraded diplomatic and economic relations, while several Latin American nations—Bolivia, Belize, Colombia, Chile, Honduras—have severed diplomatic ties or recalled their ambassadors. Moreover, no Arab states have forcefully committed to enforcing International Criminal Court (ICC) arrest warrants against Israeli leaders for alleged war crimes. This shift underscores a realignment where Middle East Arab capitals view Israel as a counterweight to Iranian influence, rather than an adversary, as has been the case historically. The result is a region where Palestinian freedom and rights are sidelined, allowing Israel freer rein to pursue its hegemonic agenda.
The ongoing efforts to destabilize Iran’s government stem from decades of US and Israeli pressure aimed at weakening the Islamic Republic. Nationwide protests that erupted in late December 2025—sparked by runaway inflation and severe economic hardship exacerbated by long-standing U.S.-led sanctions—quickly escalated into widespread demands for political change.
Iranian authorities have consistently blamed the unrest on foreign interference, accusing the CIA and Israel’s Mossad of orchestrating and arming demonstrators to sow chaos. Tehran has pointed to reported Israeli intelligence operations that have targeted and degraded Iranian-backed militias across the Middle East in recent years as evidence of broader destabilization efforts.
Compounding these tensions, the Trump administration has significantly bolstered US military presence in the region since early 2026, deploying two aircraft carriers, fighter jets, and other assets while issuing threats of targeted strikes. This buildup aligns closely with Israel’s long-standing objective of confronting Iran’s government more decisively, raising the spectre of coordinated action that could result in the downfall of the current Iranian leadership.
The US push for confrontation with Iran stems largely from decades of sustained Israeli influence via powerful pro-Israel lobby groups. Organizations like the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC), have long shaped US policy toward Iran, portraying it as an existential threat to steer decisions in Israel’s favour. Critics argue this lobby diverts US foreign policy from pursuing America’s own national interests, as seen in the withdrawal from the Iran nuclear deal and the imposition of broad based sanctions, which Israel had called for, even though the agreement was effectively controlling Iran’s nuclear ambitions.
Despite claims by pro-Israel voices that war would benefit both nations, history suggests otherwise. A military conflict with Iran could mirror the Iraq War’s aftermath, which resulted in widespread destabilization, sectarian violence, and the rise of extremist groups hostile to the US. The 2003 US invasion of Iraq, launched on fabricated claims that Iraq possessed weapons of mass destruction, unleashed widespread chaos across the Middle East, claiming hundreds of thousands of innocent lives and costing trillions of dollars.
This catastrophic precedent casts a long shadow over any prospective US attack on Iran, which risks igniting proxy conflicts in Yemen, Syria, Lebanon, and beyond, further fracturing an already fragile region. The current rhetoric mirrors the pretexts used for launching the Iraq war—manufactured threats used to justify American aggression in violation of the UN Charter and international law. Today, Israeli and American narratives cast Iran as an imminent nuclear danger, despite its adherence to rigorous international inspections under the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA—Iran nuclear deal), until the US unilaterally withdrew from it due to pressure from Israel.
Such portrayals invert the true dynamics of regional threats. Far from the aggressor depicted by the US and Israel, Iran has acted predominantly in self-defence, responding to external encroachments rather than launching them. Tehran has not invaded a neighbouring nation in over two centuries—unlike Israel, which has initiated multiple wars against its neighbours since it was created in 1948. Iran’s backing of proxies in Lebanon, Iraq and Syria stems from a perceived encirclement by the US military and Israeli belligerence and provocation.
By contrast, the US and Israel have a documented history of attacking other nations based on false pretenses. Prime examples include the 1953 CIA-orchestrated coup that overthrew Iran’s democratically elected Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh to protect the interests of Western oil companies, installing the Shah and planting seeds of enduring anti-American resentment, and Israel’s 1956 attack on Egypt, in conjunction with the UK and France, which caused the Suez Crisis and nearly brought the US and the Soviet Union into direct nuclear conflict.
For decades, US and Israeli military and covert operations have served as primary drivers of instability across the Middle East and beyond. The US invasions of Afghanistan in 2001, Iraq in 2003, and the “war on terror” fuelled sectarian violence, empowered extremist groups like ISIS, resulted in over four million of deaths, and drained trillions from the US treasury. Subsequent interventions in Libya in 2011 and support for Syrian rebels in the Syrian Civil War fragmented states, resulted in power vacuums exploited by radical elements, and created failed states.
Israel has similarly escalated tensions and created regional instability through acts such as the 1967 pre-emptive strikes in the Six Day War that seized territories from Egypt, Jordan, and Syria; the 1982 invasion and years-long occupation of southern Lebanon that gave rise to Hezbollah; and repeated attacks on Gaza, including Cast Lead (2008-2009) and Protective Edge (2014), and now the current genocidal campaign, which have caused tens of thousands of deaths and deepened Palestinian hardship. These military operations have displaced millions of Palestinians, inflamed anti-Western and anti-Israel sentiments, and sustained cycles of violence. In this context, it is Israel that emerges as the one employing terrorism—through settler violence, targeted assassinations of Palestinian leaders, and disproportionate military force. In comparison, Iran’s action are responses to Israeli and American aggression, and remain overwhelmingly reactive.
This pattern of hostility towards Iran has unfolded through sustained economic sabotage, targeted assassinations, and cyber warfare. During the 1980-1988 Iran-Iraq War, US intelligence enabled Iraq’s chemical attacks on Iranian forces, prolonging the conflict and causing more than 600,000 Iranian casualties. In 2010, the US and Israel deployed the Stuxnet virus to destroy Iranian nuclear centrifuges and delay the program. Israel has repeatedly assassinated Iranian nuclear scientists, including the 2025 strikes that killed prominent figures like Fereydoun Abbasi. Additionally, the 2020 US drone strike that eliminated General Qasem Soleimani was perceived in Tehran as an act of war, as did Israeli airstrikes in Syria that targetted the Iranian consulate in Damascus.
These acts of Israeli aggression have destabilized the Middle East far more profoundly than Iran’s defensive measures ever have. A direct US attack on Iran would compound these risks, and potentially trigger broad proxy wars, massive refugee crises, disruptions to global oil supplies resulting in economic chaos, and accelerate the rise of nuclear proliferation risks.
Compounding this aggression is the stark nuclear disparity that exposes the hypocrisy at the heart of the threats against Iran. The US, a declared nuclear superpower with a vast arsenal, stands alongside Israel, which maintains an undeclared stockpile estimated at around 90 warheads (with fissile material sufficient for potentially another 300 more weapons), while refusing international inspections or transparency. Yet these two nuclear-armed states fabricate pretexts to attack non-nuclear Iran, which has historically complied with rigorous international inspections under the JCPOA—until the US withdrawal from the agreement undermined it and escalated tensions. Israel’s policy of refusing to cooperate with the International Nuclear Energy Agency, combined with the overwhelming American stockpile, creates a profound imbalance that poses a far greater risk to global peace than Iran’s nuclear program, which was in response to the threat from Israel, and has never produced a functional nuclear warhead.
Decades of crushing US sanctions have further deepened Iran’s economic turmoil, employing a familiar playbook to weaken Iran and pave the way for potential change. Reimposed in 2018, these measures have frozen Iran’s oil revenues, seized assets, and driven inflation above 40%, with food prices surging over 57% in recent periods—exacerbating shortages and hardship for ordinary Iranians. These policies have eroded Iran’s middle class by an average of 17 percentage points annually in earlier sanction waves (2012–2019), undoing decades of social and economic progress and pushing millions into vulnerability. While the late 2025 protests across the country stemmed from genuine domestic grievances against the theocratic government—fuelled by economic collapse, currency devaluation, and governance failures—Iranian officials have alleged involvement by external actors (Mossad and the CIA) arming demonstrators, with claims of capturing over 3,000 agents and seizing 60,000 weapons as evidence of orchestrated foreign interference.
Additionally, Israel’s persistent espionage against the United States, going back to the 1960s, further erodes any pretense of an unblemished alliance between the two nations. Despite receiving tens of billions of dollars in US aid Israel has engaged in aggressive spying against the US, more than any other ally. High-profile cases, such as the Apollo Affair involving theft of nuclear material, and Jonathan Pollard’s theft of classified nuclear documents, underscore this pattern of betrayal. When combined with Israel’s history of promoting actions based on fabricated and exaggerated intelligence—like its pivotal role in advancing the false 2003 Iraq WMD claims—these actions reinforce the view that the US and Israel, rather than Iran, are the primary forces destabilizing the Middle East.
In contrast, Iran’s authoritarianism and misogynistic policies notwithstanding, its foreign policy has been reactive. It has never attacked or occupied neighbours’ territories, focussing instead on deterrence against invasions, like the 1980-88 Iraq War which led by the US. Additionally, recent escalations, such as the 2025 unprovoked Israeli and US attack on Iran, show Iran’s restraint to avoid full war, given geographic and strategic constraints. In this scenario, pursuing regime change risks unleashing chaos akin to post-Saddam Iraq, empowering radicals.
Ultimately, the relentless push for confrontation with Iran primarily advances Israeli strategic goals while imposing heavy costs on the United States—perpetuating a vicious cycle of violence, economic drain, and regional chaos that threatens the lives of millions across the Middle East.
If any powers truly endanger peace in the region and beyond, it is the United States and Israel, whose repeated interventions, covert operations, and aggressive postures have fuelled discord across the Middle East for years. Genuine stability demands confronting the core injustice that fuels anti-Israel and anti-American sentiments—the denial of Palestinian rights and self-determination—rather than manufacturing existential threats to rationalize further military action.
History has repeatedly shown that military interventions in the Middle East—particularly those involving the United States and Israel—tend to generate deeper resentment and instability, undermine long-term security for all parties, and inflict devastating suffering on civilian populations.
Any American and Israeli military action against Iran now carries the grave risk of igniting a prolonged regional war that could pull in adjacent Arab nations. Such a conflict could rapidly expand through proxy battles across multiple fronts, trigger severe disruptions to global energy markets, unleash massive waves of refugees, and heighten the dangers of nuclear proliferation—ultimately exacting a human and strategic toll far exceeding any short-term tactical advantages the U.S. and Israel might hope to achieve.
In the end, the pursuit of dominance through force risks not victory, but a legacy of enduring instability and destruction that could haunt the region—and the world—for generations.
© 2026 The View From Here. © 2026 Fareed Khan. All Rights Reserved.
